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‎ Mathematics: Citations

Resources for Students of Mathematics

MathSciNet Citation Searching

Citation searches are now avaialble in MathSciNet.

  • Go to the Author Citations tab
  • Search by author
  • Search results include over 420 journals from the year 2000 to the present, with select titles from 1997. More details on coverage...

MathSciNet Tutorials: now available directly through the database.

Google Scholar Citation Searching

Did you know Google Scholar has a service which allows you to track your citations?  You can see where your papers are being cited and how often.  Plus, you can create charts and graphs to show trends.  Also, create a public profile so people can search you and find your most recent publications.

You can learn more about Google Citations at their help page, which includes instructions on how to sign up for a free account and use the service to customize to your own needs.

Web of Science Citation Searching

  • Connect to the database Web of Science
  • Make sure you are searching in Web of Science (Web of Knowledge does not offer this feature)
  • Select the sub-menu tab, Cited Reference Search
  • Enter your search criteria (author, title, etc.)
  • Review the search results and select records of interest.  Select Finish Search to view the results.
  • Note:  You can also register to be notified by Web of Science when a specific paper is cited.

Citation Guides

There are quite a few different ways to cite resources in your paper. The citation style usually depends on the academic discipline involved. For example:

  • MLA style is typically used by the Humanities
  • APA style is often used by Education, Psychology, and Business.
  • Chicago/Turabian is generally used by History and some of the Fine Arts

Unlike many other disciplines, Math & Statistics don't have a SINGLE accepted way of citing resources. Ask your professor if s/he has a preferred bibliographic style before submitting a paper. Whatever style you use, be consistent! 

A great one-stop shopping resource is THE PURDUE OWL. This has easy-to-follow examples of the major style guides.

The Chicago Manual of Style Online

Social Sciences: Documenting Sources

How to Prepare MLA Citations

MLA Citation Rules for Primary Source Documents

How to Prepare APA Citations

APA Style Guide to Electronic References

Chicago Citation Rules for Primary Source Documents

American Mathematical Society (AMS)

These citation examples came from articles published in various AMS publications:

In text Reference example:  [3]  - With AMS in-text citations, the # sign corresponds to the author listed alphabetically in the references at end of article.
References (list at END of paper, with citations alphabetical by AUTHOR):

Journal Article (one author):
[3] S. Dostoglou, S.: On the asymptotics of the finite energy solutions of the Yang-Mills-Higgs equations, Journal of Mathematical Physics31, 2490-2496 (1990). 

Journal Article (multiple authors):
[2] S. Carstensen, E.P. Stephan, Adaptive boundary-element methods for transmissions problems, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications106, 367-413 (1985).

Book (one author):

[1] C.P. Bruter, Mathematics and Art, Springer, Paris, 2002.

Book (multiple authors):

[4] N. Lesmoir-Gordon, M, Frame, B. Mandelbrot, N. Neger, Mandelbrot's World of Fractals, Key Curriculum Press, 2005.

Web Page:
[5] G.P. Michon. Final answers: Perimeter of an ellipse http://numericana.com/answer/ellipse.htm (updated May 17, 2011).

Why Cite?

Why should you cite your sources? 

  • To give credit to ideas that are not your own

  • To provide support for your argument (professor's love that!)

  • To enable your reader to find and read the sources you used -- this makes your research process transparent

  • To avoid Honor Code infractions and/or plagiarism!

What should you cite?

  • Exact wording taken from any source, including freely available websites
  • Paraphrases of passages
  • Indebtedness to another person for an idea
  • Use of another student's work
  • Use of your own previous work

Note: You DO NOT need to cite common knowledge.